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66 pages 2 hours read

The Evening and the Morning

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2020

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Part 2, Chapters 21-24Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 2, Chapter 21 Summary: “September 998”

Aldred knows that antagonizing Wynstan is risky. He thinks Den should handle the forgery case. He tells him everything, and Den is intrigued enough to form a plan with him.

Wynstan receives his dues on Michaelmas. He gives no leniency to those who cannot pay, treating any complaints as invalid. He also skims some of Wilf’s money. He goads Wilf about the ball game, criticizing Ragna of dominating Wilf.

Edgar begins selling eels. Degbert says the river belongs to him, and therefore he is entitled to one out of every three fish. Edgar cannot read, so when Degbert shows him the charter—most likely a lie—he cannot disagree. Horsemen arrive, led by Wynstan. Edgar goes into the forest and meets with Aldred, Den, and 20 men on horseback. They will probably not begin melting the pennies until the next day, which is when they will try to catch them at their crime. That evening, Wynstan gives every home a side of bacon, in an unusually generous gesture.

The next night, Cuthbert melts the coins as Wynstan watches. They hear Edgar outside, claiming that he has an eel for Cuthbert. Cnebba sends him away. Then they hear Aldred. Den surprises Wynstan by entering the room with two men, Wigbert and Godwine. Wynstan hits Aldred. Wigbert carries Wynstan from the room. Outside, Wynstan hears Den questioning Cuthbert, slips away from Wigbert, and rushes back into the workshop. He grabs a hammer and swings it at the cauldron, spraying melted metal onto Godwine’s face.

Aldred’s knee suddenly hurts, and he faints. When he wakes, there is a charred hole in his calf, from a drop of molten metal. Den says Godwine is dead. He arrested Degbert and Cuthbert, but not Wynstan whom he believes is too prideful to run.

Part 2, Chapter 22 Summary: “October 998”

Ithamar asks Edgar if he will testify against Wynstan. He hopes that Edgar will refuse. He reminds Edgar that Degbert is his landlord, and he will certainly evict Edgar for any offense. Edgar goes to Ma’s grave to ask for guidance. He hears her voice in his head, telling him that the family must come first.

Wilf visits the Abbey to talk to Aldred as Hildred arrives. Wilf says there is no point in a trial since the counterfeiting is finished. He asks Aldred to consider refusing to be an oath helper, which might also persuade Den to relent. Aldred is defiant and plans to testify against Wynstan.

Ragna learns that she is pregnant. Excited but worried, she tells no one. She is also happy about Wynstan’s difficulties and eager for his trial. Edgar tells her about Ithamar’s veiled threat, should he testify against Wynstan. If Edgar’s testimony leads to his eviction, Ragna promises to find a farm to his family.

Hildred tells the monks that they should not get involved in politics, but Aldred reminds them that they supposedly believe in an afterlife. He cannot look the other way while men act wickedly without consequences. He accepts God’s will, even if it means his expulsion from the monastery. Most of the other monks support Aldred’s view.

Part 2, Chapter 23 Summary: “November 1, 998”

On the day of the trial, Aldred cannot focus. Den gives him a basket with the coins, which they will use as evidence. The trial is in front of the cathedral, at Wilf’s command. The location will remind everyone that Wynstan is a bishop. Fittingly, Wynstan arrives in ecclesiastical garments and addresses the court before Den can speak.

Wynstan commands them to untie Degbert and Cuthbert. He claims that the contents of the basket belong to Cuthbert. Cuthbert protests that Wynstan ordered the forgeries, but no one listens. As an ostensible punishment, Wynstan strips Degbert of his title; from now on he is a mere priest under Wynstan’s supervision. He claims that since Cuthbert made the coins, he is the only one who can be tried for forgery. Wynstan further claims that Den’s arrival was an act of God, and his own presence was a mere coincidence.

Wilf sentences Cuthbert to blindness and castration. Wynstan then accuses himself of causing Godwine’s death. He will pay the man’s widow the murder price of five pounds of silver. Aldred says the minster at Dreng’s Ferry should be closed, given recent events. It will now become a branch of Shiring Abbey. Wynstan agrees. Hildred says that Osmund wishes for Aldred to be the prior of the new monastery, but Aldred hates the idea; he will be stuck in the middle of a rural area, with no access to the scriptorium. However, Wynstan approves the appointment and Aldred cannot challenge it. Wynstan gives Dreng’s Ferry to the new monastery.

Cuthbert is tied to a stake. Wigbert severs his testicles with large shears. He then puts his thumbs into Cuthbert’s eyes and blinds him as Wynstan smiles.

Part 2, Chapter 24 Summary: “December 998”

Aldred has not felt so bad since getting caught kissing Leofric, another novice. Again, he is thwarted in his goals of scholarship and exiled, but he resolves to make his new calling a success. Wigferth visits and reports that Degbert is now the archdeacon at Shiring Cathedral.

Aldred is desperate to return to his studies. Edgar is his only consolation. Aldred tells him that the charter does not mention fish for the landlord, as Edgar suspected.

At Shiring, Edgar sees Den smashing Elfwine’s moneying equipment. Ethelred orders Den to close the mint, which will hurt Wilf financially.

Edgar asks Ragna for free stone to repair the church. She agrees. In return, she asks him to replace Gab as quarrymaster. Edgar will spend half his time in each place. She also tells him that her baby is due in May.

Aldred visits Mother Agatha on Christmas Eve. Edgar is there, unpacking stones. Agatha admires Edgar for challenging Wynstan and says she wants to bring the nuns to the church for a Christmas service. Aldred sees Edgar talking to Cuthbert, who has joined the lepers. Cuthbert blames Edgar for his condition. Edgar asks Aldred to accept Cuthbert as a monk. Edgar also wishes to learn how to read and asks Aldred to teach him.

Chapters 21-24 Analysis

Wynstan’s trial is the climactic moment of Part 2, and it advances everyone to another stage in their character development. Edgar and Aldred take a public stand against Wynstan, and their defiance leads to Cuthbert’s horrific punishment.

Ragna’s pregnancy makes her more vulnerable than ever, but she is excited about the baby. However, Wilf’s declaration that she has no control over whom he sleeps with foreshadows the eventual end of their relationship. Even when she knew that Inge was living nearby, Ragna held out hope for a rich relationship with Wilf. His refusal to entertain Ragna’s protests proves that he will never view them as equals, or partners.

Ragna is not enslaved like Blod, but she is increasingly aware that she is not free. Wilf can control her behavior, or punish her misbehavior, and she worries that challenging him will lead to trouble: “Owning a person had to be bad for the soul. Cruelty was normal: there were laws about ill-treatment of slaves, but they were feebly enforced, and the punishments were mild. To be able to beat or rape or even murder someone brought out the very worst in human nature” (425).

Wynstan is not interested in empathy, equality, or the good of the kingdom. In fact, he is more than willing to indulge in the worst of human nature. He thinks, “Two things gave him joy: money and power. And they were the same, really. He loved to have power over people, and money gave him that. He could not imagine ever having more power and money than he wanted” (459). There is no reason to think that he will ever be satisfied.

Wynstan’s creeping ambitions and slide into evil align with Aldred’s ideas about incremental sin leading to total destruction: “This must be how the devil made a man his own, Aldred thought; by stages, one sin leading to a worse” (492). If Wynstan is capable of making an example of Cuthbert, someone like Wigelm will certainly do worse if given the chance.

This abuse of power and miscarriage of justice maddens Aldred in its hypocrisy, particularly because Wynstan acts in the garb—and allegedly on behalf of—the church: “And so, Aldred thought, great ones sin with impunity while lesser men are brutally chastised. What could God’s purpose be in this travesty of justice? “(494). Aldred is conflicted; nothing happens without God’s will, but God’s will appears to reward the guilty and torment the innocent. However, Aldred knows that he cannot stay passive for long: “Monks ought never to accept evil. They had to fight against it” (500).

Edgar’s altercation with Dreng puts him in danger of losing his home, but it also gives him a reason to draw closer to Ragna. When she agrees to provide him with a farm if his role in the trial leads to his eviction, she foreshadows her complete support of him in the future.

As Part 2 ends, the events that will lead to the most painful moments of Part 3 have begun. Follett foreshadows the coming tragedies, raising the tension that will result in Wilf’s death, Ragna’s marriage to Wigelm, and Edgar’s acceptance that he will never be able to be with Ragna.

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