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34 pages 1 hour read

Journey to the East

Fiction | Novella | Adult | Published in 1956

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Chapter 3Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 3 Summary

H.H. ponders the wisdom of continuing the story and decides not to give in to doubt, despite being “confronted by chaos” (51). His decision to continue gives him peace, and he compares his optimism to the feeling he experienced upon embarking on the Journey, which also had no firm destination: “As far as it is now still possible, I will be mindful of the first principal of our great period, never to rely on and let myself be disconcerted by reason, always to know that faith is stronger than so-called reality” (52). If he cannot tell the entire story accurately, he commits to representing whatever fragments he remembers with total authenticity.

A newspaper editor named Lukas—a childhood friend of H.H.’s—meets with him. H.H. says that the Journey to the East had not been treated well by Lukas’s circle: “This singular episode was mostly called, perhaps disrespectfully, ‘The Children’s Crusade’” (53). H.H. does not believe that his task is to overcome Lukas’s skepticism, but to give him corrected information: “For instance, that our League was in no way an off-shoot of the post-war years, but that it had extended throughout the whole of world history” (54). He tells Lukas that Don Quixote, Zoroaster, Plato, Xenophon, and others were all members of the League.

He tells Lukas that he does not know how to write the story of the League. He feels that the memories of the Journey are created from a different fabric than from reality, and they have taken on the character of hallucinations. Lukas says that he understands and feels similarly about his experiences reporting from the front lines of the war. He tells H.H. that the only reason he could write the book about the war was “because it was necessary. I either had to write the book or be reduced to despair; it was the only means of saving me from nothingness, chaos, and suicide” (57). Then Lukas says he cannot say more about it and tells H.H. to leave.

They meet again and Lukas is calm. He tells H.H. that Leo is an unnecessary obstacle in the story and encourages him to cut the character out. H.H. says that he cannot remember Leo’s first name, revealing that Leo was his surname. Lukas finds a man named Andreas Leo in a phone director and tells H.H. to visit him.

H.H. goes to Seilergraben where Andreas Leo lives and asks the neighbors about him. Ultimately, he decides that he does not want to meet him, but he does want to see him. For reasons he cannot explain, H.H. does not want to tell Andreas about his intentions. “It is possible that the practitioners and psychologists who attribute all human action to egoistic desire are right” (60). He begins to see his desire to write of the Journey to the East as an exercise in pure ego, an attempt to save his life by giving it meaning, similar to what happened with Lukas and his war book.

Chapter 3 Analysis

Despite being “confronted by chaos” (51) as he continues to write, H.H. still feels it is the right thing to do. The reality that he may be unable to know what actually happened to him is mitigated by his statement that he must never give in to reason. This is—according to H.H.—the League’s guiding precept. “Faith is stronger than so-called reality” (52).

If H.H. is writing out of faith, unsure of whether the story is real, at this point continuing to read is also an act of faith for the reader. H.H. looks increasingly unstable, or delusional, provoking the question: is this a journey worth taking, or taking with him?

H.H.’s encounter with Lukas provides a secular level of context for the mental difficulties inherent in writing a book or creating a piece of art, and also of the power of art to heal. Although there is little sign that Lukas is sympathetic to anything mystical, he says that he wrote the book about the war experiences because it was necessary. It was the only thing that gave his life meaning and kept his suicidal impulses at bay. Given Leo’s views on service, immortality, and art, it is metaphorically Lukas’s choice to serve his future readers that preserves his life, and it is through their readership that he will be granted some measure of immortality. As the chapter ends, H.H. has lost all sense of his real motivations for writing. He worries that he is only writing to please his ego and to make himself feel important.

It is unclear why Lukas prompts H.H. to look up Leo in a directory. The odds of it bearing fruit seem astronomical, but it works and Leo is found. Given that Lukas is presented as a rationalist, this seemingly random act raises the question of how real Lukas is. Is he simply serving a useful role in H.H.’s fictitious account of the Journey? Is he a figment of H.H.’s imagination? Or did it happen exactly as H.H. recounts, and the reader is meant to infer that an act of improbably coincidence has taken place? As with most of the questions in The Journey to the East, the reader must choose an interpretation.

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