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50 pages 1 hour read

A Woman Is No Man

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2019

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Part 1, Chapters 5-8Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1

Chapter 5 Summary: “Deya (Winter, 2008)”

Deya is troubled by her mother’s note. She is distracted and can’t focus on school. Walking home one day, Deya notices a woman loitering in front of the house. She drops an envelope on the stoop and walks away before Deya can identify her. Deya picks up the envelope and sees that it’s addressed to her. Later that night, in the privacy of her room, she opens it and finds a business card from a bookstore called Books and Beans. On the back is written ask for manager. She speculates about the identity of the stranger. Could the woman be her mother? Could Fareeda’s account of her mother’s death be a lie? She begins to wonder if there is more to the story than she’s been told.

At school the next day, Deya remembers her few acts of rebellion: throwing a chair off a school fire escape on a dare, secretly listening to Eminem. She borrows a phone from another student and calls the bookstore. She identifies herself to the manager, who insists on a face-to-face meeting. Possessed by curiosity and unable to remember the sound of her mother’s voice, Deya asks the woman if she is, in fact, Isra. The woman says she is not, but that she has something very important to tell her and can’t do it over the phone. She also asks Deya to keep the meeting secret from her grandparents. Overcome by memories, Deya realizes she cannot remember the sound of her mother’s voice, but she does remember her last words: I’m sorry.

Chapter 6 Summary: “Isra (Spring 1990)”

Six weeks after arriving in New York, Isra discovers she is pregnant. Fareeda is ecstatic and predicts by Isra’s lack of morning sickness and cravings that the child is a boy. Adam is also happy, but he reminds Isra the burden of raising their child will fall completely on her shoulders. He works long hours to support his family, so she cannot expect any help from him. She understands. It is her duty, after all, although she has doubts about motherhood. What can she offer a child, she wonders, when she knows so little about the world?

Isra also notices the dynamic between Sarah and Fareeda. Sarah is more assimilated, and she wants to go to college like her brother, Ali, but Fareeda forbids it, and so Sarah rebels subtly. She lingers over a book when Fareeda calls her for chores; she sneaks books home in her backpack; she decries the unfairness of a culture that treats women as inferior even when Fareeda threatens to slap her. Observing Sarah, Isra feels a connection to her even while envying her boldness. The two women discuss their mutual love of literature. Isra describes to Sarah the contemporary relevance of A Thousand and One Nights. The character of Scheherazade, she argues, personifies “the strength of a single woman” (99). Sarah, on the other hand, prefers “more realistic” fiction like Lord of the Flies or To Kill a Mockingbird.

That night, Adam and Isra go out for pizza and ice cream. Isra is amazed by the vibrant, rich flavors of this food she’s never tasted. As they walk, Adam laments his long hours of work, and, in a rare moment of connection, Isra understands that his hard work is an investment in the future of their children.

Chapter 7 Summary: “Deya (Winter 2008)”

Fareeda has arranged another meeting between Deya and Nasser. Musing on how this tradition makes women like chattel, Deya asks Fareeda if she misses Sarah, who married a Palestinian man and whom Deya has not seen since. Fareeda bristles at the question: “What does it matter?” she replies (104). Fareeda angers easily when questioned about her family, and Deya realizes her grandmother may never tell her the real story of Isra’s death.

Deya skips school and takes the subway into Manhattan to meet the bookstore manager, even though she’s never been outside of Brooklyn on her own before. She observes the mass of humanity riding the R train—many different ethnicities but all of them distinctly American in their self-confidence. She feels she’s being stared at, judged by her strange clothes, by her difference. As the train enters the tunnel running beneath the East River, she marvels at the engineering involved. She wonders if she will ever accomplish anything that might change the world, but then she resigns herself to marriage and a life of dull routine—unless, of course, Nasser would “let her be who she wanted to be” (108). 

Chapter 8 Summary: “Isra (Fall 1990)”

Isra delivers a girl three weeks before her due date. At the hospital, Fareeda refers to the baby as balwa, a burden. She openly weeps, and she warns Isra that if a woman can’t give her husband a son, he will look elsewhere for a woman who can. Adam is more conciliatory, but he is still reserved. He tells Isra, “’Don’t worry […] You’ll have a son, inshallah. You’re young. We have plenty of time’” (110). Despite Fareeda’s disappointment, Isra experiences the full joy of motherhood. She names her daughter Deya (“light”), and for the first time, she feels blessed. For the first time, she appreciates what Allah has given her.

Part 1, Chapters 5-8 Analysis

As Isra adjusts to her new life in America, she feels torn and confused by the reality of living in a country with both profound advantages and undeniable disadvantages. She sees in Sarah the potential freedom America could have for women. Sarah openly questions Muslim traditions and seems unfazed by the threat of punishment, but she is still forced to exercise some of those freedoms covertly (reading, for example). Despite living in a suffocating environment, Sarah is still American. She goes to a public school and has American friends. She can see what is possible. Isra, on the other hand, is still immersed in Palestinian cultural traditions. She is confused by the mixed messages she gets from Fareeda. On the one hand, she must accept her fate as wife and mother, never venturing outside unless in the company of Adam. On the other hand, she is admonished for wearing the hijab. Fareeda is more secular than Isra’s parents, and she insists on being called by her first name, something Isra has never done before. Fareeda and Khaled are steering a difficult course, trying to maintain a tentative grip on their culture while also proving to the outside world that they can fit in. It is the same struggle countless immigrant families contend with—how much of their traditional culture to pass on to the next generation and how much of their new culture to adopt.

A generation later, Deya still struggles with the same issues. Even in 2008, she feels the tight grip of traditional Islam: She attends an all-girl Islamic school, Fareeda arranges suitors for her, and she is forbidden from considering college unless her husband gives his consent. If Isra and Adam were still alive, perhaps her life would be different. Perhaps Isra would give her daughters the freedom she never had—the freedom to love whom they wish, free of their mother’s desperate need to please. Without her parents, Deya and her sisters are trapped by Fareeda’s traditionalism and by her view of girls as simply property to be auctioned off to the highest bidder.

Also underlying Deya’s life is the specter of 9/11. While Rum never mentions it directly, she hints at the scrutiny and prejudice Muslims and Arab Americans faced in the aftermath of the attacks. When Deya rides the subway, “She could see the judgment brewing in their eyes” (107). She imagines they must see her as barbaric, as just another immigrant who refuses to comply with the codes and traditions of her new country, which is ironic because Deya aches to embrace America’s more progressive culture if only Fareeda would give her the chance.

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